What is Diabetes?
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| Fig. Glucometer. |
Diabetes is a chronic medical condition that affects how your body turns food into energy. Most of the food you eat is broken down into sugar (glucose) and released into your bloodstream.
When your blood sugar goes up, it signals your pancreas to release insulin. Insulin acts like a key to let the blood sugar into your body’s cells to be used for energy.
However, with diabetes, this process doesn’t work properly. Either your body doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use the insulin it makes as well as it should.
When there isn’t enough insulin or your cells stop responding to insulin, too much blood sugar stays in your bloodstream.
Over time, this can lead to serious health problems, such as heart disease, vision loss, and kidney disease.
Types of Diabetes:
There are several types of diabetes, with the most common being:
1. Type 1 Diabetes:
This is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
As a result, the body produces little or no insulin.
It usually appears in children or young adults, but it can occur at any age.
People with type 1 diabetes need to take insulin every day to survive.
2. Type 2 Diabetes:
This is the most common type. In this case, the body doesn’t use insulin well and can’t keep blood sugar at normal levels.
It often develops over many years and is usually diagnosed in adults, though it is increasingly seen in children and teens.
Type 2 diabetes can often be managed with lifestyle changes, medication, or insulin if needed.
3. Gestational Diabetes:
This type occurs during pregnancy and usually goes away after the baby is born. However, it does increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life for both mother and child.this type of diabetes is caused by hormonal changes.
Causes of Diabetes:
Excessive amount of sugar daily.
this is the main cause of diabetes.
Aging
Physical inactivity
Obesity
No physical activity perform.
Processed food High in sugar level.
Fast foods.
Symptoms of Diabetes:
Some common symptoms include:
Frequent urination
Increased thirst
Extreme hunger
Unexplained weight loss
Fatigue
Blurry vision
Slow-healing sores
Treatment available for Diabetes:
1. Type 1 Diabetes Treatment;
Type 1 diabetes requires daily insulin, because body no longer produces insulin. The treatment are available below:Insulin Injections:
The diabetic patients are suffering from type 1 diabetes.
take Insulin in several times in day. the insulin control the blood glucose level.
Blood Sugar Monitor:
monitor blood sugar daily with the help of glucometer.
Diet and Exercise:
A balanced diet with controlled carbohydrate intake and regular physical activity helps improve insulin effectiveness and blood sugar control.
2. Type 2 Diabetes Treatment;
Type 2 diabetes can sometimes be managed through lifestyle changes alone, but many people need medication or insulin.3. Gestational Diabetes Treatment;
For pregnant women with gestational diabetes:
Healthy Eating and Exercise: A tailored diet plan and physical activity are the first steps.
Oral Antidiabetics medications are;
Metformin and glimepiride are wide used medicine for diabetic patients.
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